Yorkshire & the Humber - Wiki slovník

Yorkshire and the Humber
Yorkshire and the Humber
Region
	From top, left to right: Sheffield; Hull; Leeds; Bradford; Piece Hall; The Moors; Ribblehead Viaduct in The Dales
	Yorkshire and the Humber, highlighted in red on a beige political map of England
	Coordinates: 53°34′N 1°12′W / 53.567°N 1.200°W
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Country	England
Combined authorities	South Yorkshire; West Yorkshire;
Districts	6 unitary; 9 metropolitan;
Counties	East Riding of Yorkshire; Lincolnshire (part); North Yorkshire (part); South Yorkshire; West Yorkshire;
Government
• House of Commons	54 MPs (of 650)
Area
• Total	6,010 sq mi (15,560 km2)
• Land	5,948 sq mi (15,404 km2)
• Water	2 sq mi (4 km2)
• Rank	5th
Population (2021)
• Total	5,481,431
• Rank	7th
• Density	920/sq mi (356/km2)
Ethnicity (2021)
• Ethnic groups	List 85.4% White ; 8.9% Asian ; 2.1% Mixed ; 2.1% Black ; 1.4% other ;
Religion (2021)
• Religion	List 44.9% Christianity ; 39.4% no religion ; 8.1% Islam ; 0.5% Hinduism ; 0.4% Sikhism ; 0.3% Buddhism ; 0.2% Judaism ; 0.4% other ; 5.7% not stated ;
GSS code	E12000003
ITL code	TLE
GVA	2021 estimate
• Total	£133.4 billion
• Rank	7th
• Per capita	£24,330
• Rank	7th
GDP (nominal)	2021 estimate
• Total	£151.8 billion
• Rank	7th
• Per capita	£27,692
• Rank	6th

Yorkshire and the Humber is one of nine official regions of England at the first level of ITL for statistical purposes.^[a] The population in 2021 was 5,481,431^[2] with its largest settlements being Leeds, Sheffield, Bradford, Hull, and York.

It is subdivided into East Riding of Yorkshire, North Yorkshire (excluding areas in Tees Valley of North East England), South Yorkshire, West Yorkshire, North Lincolnshire, and North East Lincolnshire. The committees for the region ceased to exist after the 12 April 2010;^[6] regional ministers were not reappointed by the incoming Cameron–Clegg coalition government, with the associated government offices abolished in 2011.

Geographical context

Geology

In the Yorkshire and the Humber region, there is a very close relationship between the major topographical areas and the underlying geology.^[7] The Pennine chain of hills in the west is of Carboniferous origin. The central vale is Permo-Triassic. The North York Moors in the north-east of the region are Jurassic in age, while the Yorkshire Wolds and Lincolnshire Wolds to the south east are Cretaceous chalk uplands.^[7]

Climate

This region of England generally has cool summers and relatively mild winters, with the upland areas of the North York Moors and the Pennines experiencing the coolest weather and the Vale of York the warmest. Weather conditions vary from day to day as well as from season to season. The latitude of the area means that it is influenced by predominantly westerly winds with depressions and their associated fronts, bringing with them unsettled and windy weather, particularly in winter. Between depressions, there are often small mobile anticyclones that bring periods of fair weather. In winter anticyclones bring cold dry weather. In summer the anticyclones tend to bring dry, settled conditions which can lead to drought. For its latitude, this area is mild in winter and cooler in summer due to the influence of the Gulf Stream in the northern Atlantic Ocean.

Air temperature varies on a daily and seasonal basis. Cities such as Sheffield, Leeds, and Bradford are generally cooler due to their inland and upland location, while York, Hull, and Wakefield are warmer due to their lowland location. The temperature is usually lower at night; January is the coldest time of the year and July is usually the warmest month.^[8]

Snow is not uncommon in the winter, Yorkshire is mostly hilly/mountainous, and the Yorkshire Dales and the Pennines can have extreme snowstorms with high snowdrifts. Inland/upland settlements, such as Skipton or Ilkley, have more snow than coastal towns. Hull and Scarborough have less snow as their weather is moderated by the ocean.

Climate data for settlements in the region:

Climate data for Kingston upon Hull: Average maximum and minimum temperatures, and average rainfall recorded between 1991 and 2020 by the Met Office.
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	7.7 (45.9)	8.5 (47.3)	10.8 (51.4)	13.6 (56.5)	16.6 (61.9)	19.5 (67.1)	22.0 (71.6)	21.8 (71.2)	18.9 (66.0)	14.7 (58.5)	10.6 (51.1)	7.9 (46.2)	14.4 (57.9)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	2.1 (35.8)	2.2 (36.0)	3.4 (38.1)	5.1 (41.2)	7.7 (45.9)	10.5 (50.9)	12.7 (54.9)	12.5 (54.5)	10.5 (50.9)	7.8 (46.0)	4.6 (40.3)	2.4 (36.3)	6.85 (44.33)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	54.3 (2.14)	47.6 (1.87)	43.3 (1.70)	47.5 (1.87)	48.3 (1.90)	69.7 (2.74)	61.3 (2.41)	64.6 (2.54)	61.3 (2.41)	66.4 (2.61)	68.2 (2.69)	60.4 (2.38)	693.4 (27.30)
Mean monthly sunshine hours	55.4	79.0	117.6	159.1	200.1	189.3	197.0	183.2	147.3	109.2	65.7	55.3	1,558.7
Source: Met Office^[9]

Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Yorkshire_&_the_Humber
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